American Medical Technologist (AMT) Practice Exam

What does the term 'preanalytical errors' refer to in laboratory procedures?

1. Errors that occur during analysis of samples

2. Errors during the reporting of test results

3. Mistakes made before laboratory testing

4. Issues related to equipment maintenance

The correct answer is: Mistakes made before laboratory testing

The term 'preanalytical errors' specifically refers to mistakes made before the analysis of laboratory samples even begins. This phase includes all the steps involved in sample collection, handling, storage, and transportation prior to the actual analysis. These errors can stem from improper patient preparation, incorrect sample collection techniques, contamination, mislabeling, or delays in processing samples. They are critical because they can significantly affect the quality and accuracy of test results. In the context of the other choices, errors that occur during analysis fall under the analytical phase and would not be considered preanalytical. Similarly, reporting errors take place after testing and would be classified as postanalytical errors. Issues related to equipment maintenance typically pertain to the analytical phase as well, impacting the performance of testing but not the preanalytical processes. Understanding preanalytical errors is vital for improving laboratory practices and ensuring reliable patient outcomes.